We have a long established reputation for the breadth and quality of our research. Our understanding of German Studies is multiple and interdisciplinary, with a particular emphasis on culture and history from 1800 to the present day. From the cultural history of Imperial Germany to contemporary Turkish-German culture, migration studies and cosmopolitanism, from Culture and Dictatorship, German-Jewish studies and Holocaust film to the history of translation, our research explores the interface between politics, culture and identity in the modern German-speaking world across and beyond its national boundaries. Our standing is demonstrated by the fact that in the 2014 Research Excellence Framework (REF) Modern Languages and Linguistics at the University of Manchester ranked third in the UK in terms of research power (an established criterion which values research quality in relation to the number of staff submitted). We achieved joint fourth in terms of the overall amount of 'world-leading' (4*) research activity and 80% of our research was judged to be in the highest two categories (4* or 3*).