The School of Social Sciences offers opportunities to study for an MPhil or PhD by research. Supervision is available by full-time or part-time study and can sometimes be provided by distance learning. Nottingham Trent University prides itself on the real-world relevance of its courses, placing particular emphasis on helping students to develop the academic and practical know-how that encourages initiative, innovation and academic excellence. All our research degrees incorporate a programme of supporting studies designed to develop knowledge and skills of all aspects of the research process, including the funding and dissemination of research. This programme will ensure that you have the necessary expertise in research to complete your doctoral programme successfully. It will also lay sound foundations for those students who wish to pursue a research orientated career. Participation in academic conferences, seminars and external networks contributes significantly to students' professional development. They cultivate contacts, skills and knowledge essential for successful practice as researchers: this knowledge and these skills are also transferable to a wide range of other careers. Participation in such events is therefore strongly encouraged. There are some opportunities for research students to prepare for an academic career by teaching undergraduate students or supervising laboratory work. Students may take part in our bespoke teacher training programme for PhD students. Although formal placements are not a requirement of PhDs and related awards, the University has strong links with professionals in business and industry. In addition to studying for a research degree, students undertaking traditional route PhDs will participate in researcher training. This combines general research training with specific topics associated with your discipline. The training focuses on the requirements of external research funding bodies and government requirements. We also provide a structured programme of transferable skills training and career development. This is informed by the work of Vitae, the national organisation which supports researchers throughout their careers.